Geocentrism, the belief that Earth is the center of the universe, was first systematically developed by Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD, who proposed a complex system of epicycles to explain planetary motions. This model dominated Western astronomy for over a millennium, upheld by scholars like Tycho Brahe in the 16th century, who combined geocentric and other elements in his Tychonic system. The Catholic Church also supported geocentrism, with figures such as St. Robert Bellarmine opposing the heliocentric model (the model that places the sun in the center)

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Geocentrism was largely abandoned with the advent of modern astronomy. However, experiments from the 20th century confirm the geocentric model. Below is a five-part presentation by our contributor, Paul, demonstrating this model.

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